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【2017ASCO GI】SBRT vs TACE:肝移植前,哪种局部肝癌治疗更好?

2017年01月25日

整理:医脉通

来源:医脉通

在1月20日的全体大会上,来自美国Lahey医院和医疗中心的Francis W. Nugent教授以“A randomized phase II study of individualized stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) versus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with DEBDOX beads as a bridge to transplant in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)”为题,报道了肝癌患者在等待肝移植的过渡期中,立体定向体部放疗(SBRT)和肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)分别在控制疾病进展及安全性方面的优势。

对于等待肝移植的肝癌患者,局部治疗在控制肿瘤进展,争取时间上发挥了重要的“桥梁”作用,其中TACE是最常见的局部治疗手段。TACE能够提供较好的疾病控制并可能减少移植后肝癌复发风险,但每次治疗都需要住院且存在并发症风险,虽然这种风险很小。

 近些年,SBRT治疗局部晚期肝癌显示出良好的安全性和一定疗效,或能成为肝癌患者等待肝源时的治疗选择。该研究前瞻性地比较了SBRT能否替代TACE。


研究内容

研究计划入组60例患者。自2014年9月至2016年9月,共入组29例符合米兰标准的肝癌患者,肝硬化Child-Pugh肝功能分级A/B。将患者随机分配进TACE治疗(n=16)或SBRT(n=13)。

 ◆TACE组患者治疗时配合阿霉素药物洗脱珠(DEBDOX),一个月两次。

◆SBRT组患者接受40~50Gy/5f(中位剂量45Gy)方案放疗,根据肝平均剂量、有效体积(Veff)和正常组织并发症的概率(NTCP)来决定放疗剂量。

 在治疗第二个月根据mRECIST标准采取影像学评估患者疾病情况,之后每3个月评估一次直到肝移植或死亡。

 主要终点是同一病灶的重复治疗时间,次要终点包括毒性、病理缓解、放疗反应、后续治疗次数、花费和生活质量(QoL)。


主要结果

29例肝癌患者中,大多数为Ⅰ期(88.3%),基线Child-Pugh评分平均5.82。

 TACE组中,6例患者在治疗后中位336天接受肝移植;SBRT组中,5例患者在完成治疗后中位148天接受肝移植。SBRT组肝移植时间大大缩短是因为有2例患者接受了活体捐赠。

 SBRT在重复治疗方面似乎比TACE稍好。TACE组患者完成第一轮治疗后仍有4例存在病灶残留,接受了中位时间83天的额外治疗;而在SBRT组中,无患者需要重复治疗。

 耐受性方面,SBRT组的急性毒性与TACE组相比程度较低。TACE组≥2级不良事件包括疲劳(35%)、厌食(29%)、恶心(29%)和疼痛(29%);而SBRT组最常见的不良事件仅有恶心(23%)。

 TACE组有1例患者出现门静脉血栓合并肝梗塞,但没有造成肝失代偿,仍有机会进行肝移植。此外,SBRT与TACE相比对患者的身体和精神QoL影响较小(SF-36量表 -0.7 vs -2.7)。

结语

该研究结果提示,对于Child-Pugh肝功能A/B的肝癌患者,SBRT可能在控制局部病灶,为患者争取肝移植时间方面与TACE效果近似,而且SBRT的毒性更小,住院时间仅需1天。

 

但是注意,该研究样本量太小,还处于探索阶段,临床实践中需要结合患者的具体情况制定联合治疗策略。

【原文】A randomized phase II study of individualized stereotactic body radiationtherapy (SBRT) versus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) withDEBDOX beads as a bridge to transplant in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).

 First Author: Francis W. Nugent, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center,Burlington, MA

Background: ForHCCptsundergoingLT,localregionaltreatmentasa"bridge"isstandardto decrease tumor progression. The most common treatment is TACE, but the best bridgingmodality is unclear. Recently, SBRT has been shown to be both safe and effective when usedin pts with locally advanced HCC. We prospectively compare SBRT to TACE as a bridge forHCC pts undergoing LT. Methods: 60 pts planned for accrual. From 9/2014-9/2016, 29 ptswithin Milan Criteria with C-P Class A/B cirrhosis were randomized to TACE vs. SBRT. TACEpts received 2 treatments one month apart utilizing DEBDOX beads (n = 15). TACE pts werehospitalized after each TACE. Pts receiving SBRT (n = 12) received a median total dose of45Gy delivered over 5 fractions using fiducials. Mean liver dose, Veff, and NTCP wereutilized to determine the prescription dose. Pts were assessed by imaging using mRECISTcriteria at 2 months and every 3 months thereafter until LT or death. Toxicity and quality oflife were assessed before treatment, during treatment, two weeks post-treatment, and thenevery three months using the PIQ-6 Pain Impact Questionnaire and the SF-36v2 HealthSurvey. Primary endpoint was time to retreatment of treated lesion(s). Secondary end-points include toxicity, pathologic response, radiologic response, number of subsequenttreatments, cost, and QOL. Results: A. Demographics/Toxicity. Conclusions: For HCCpatients with C-P Class A/B liver cirrhosis, SBRT appears equally effective to TACE as abridge to liver transplantation, may engender less toxicity, and eliminates hospitalizations.Clinical trial information: NCT02182687. 

参考文献:

Francis W. Nugent.et al. J Clin Oncol 35, 2017 (suppl 4S; abstract 223)

编辑:肿瘤资讯-小编