乳腺癌仍为女性常见恶性肿瘤，但是乳腺癌筛查普及率依然很低，这可能由于其不便造成。既往研究发现，血清三叶因子（TTF）可以作为胃、前列腺、肺、胰腺、胆管癌的筛查标志，而TFF既表达于乳腺癌组织，又表达于正常乳腺组织。
2017年7月7日，英国《自然》旗下《科学报告》在线发表日本东京大学、国立全球卫生和医学中心、东京大学医院、国际医疗福祉大学三田医院、东日本电信电话株式会社东京医疗中心、大冢制药徳岛研究所、独协医科大学越谷医院的研究报告，调查了血清TTF可否作为乳腺癌的生物标志。
该研究采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测94例乳腺癌患者和84例健康体检女性的血清TTF含量。
结果发现：
乳腺癌患者血清TFF1和TFF3水平明显增高，血清中TFF2水平显著降低。
TFF1、TFF2、TFF3的接受者操作特征（ROC）曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.69、0.83、0.72。
TFF1、TFF2、TFF3的总AUC为0.96。
56.5%、73.9%的乳腺癌TFF1、TFF3表达阳性，而所有乳腺癌的TFF2表达为阴性。
血清TFF1与乳腺癌组织TFF1表达呈正相关。
因此，乳腺癌与非乳腺癌女性相比，血清TFF1和TFF3较高、TFF2较低，可能作为乳腺癌筛查的生物标志。
Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 7;7(1):4846.
Serum TFF1 and TFF3 but not TFF2 are higher in women with breast cancer than in women without breast cancer.
Ishibashi Y, Ohtsu H, Ikemura M, Kikuchi Y, Niwa T, Nishioka K, Uchida Y, Miura H, Aikou S, Gunji T, Matsuhashi N, Ohmoto Y, Sasaki T, Seto Y, Ogawa T, Tada K, Nomura S.
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Tokusima Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Breast cancer remains a common malignancy in women, but the take-up for breast cancer screening programs in Japan is still low, possibly due to its perceived inconvenience. TFF1 and TFF3 are expressed in both breast cancer tissue and normal breast. Serum trefoil proteins were reported as cancer screening markers for gastric, prostate, lung, pancreatic cancer and cholangio carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to examine whether serum trefoil proteins could be screening biomarkers for breast cancer. Serum trefoil proteins in 94 breast cancer patients and 84 health check females were measured by ELISA. Serum TFF1 and TFF3 were significantly higher and serum TFF2 was significantly lower in breast cancer patients. Area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic of TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 was 0.69, 0.83, and. 0.72, respectively. AUC of the combination of TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 was 0.96. Immunohistochemically, TFF1 expression was positive in 56.5% and TFF3 was positive in 73.9% of breast cancers, while TFF2 was negative in all tumors. Serum TFF1 had positive correlation with expression of TFF1 in breast cancer tissue. Serum concentrations of TFF1 and TFF3 but not TFF2 are higher in women with breast cancer than in women without breast cancer.
PMID: 28687783
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05129-y
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